Role of Plant Hormones Under Abiotic Stress Conditions

Plants are continuously subjected to various environmental signals (Abiotic stress conditions) like nutrient supply fluctuations, dryness, temperature, freezing, excessive salt, or heavy metal, all of which can negatively impact their development, survival, etc., and viability. Reducing agricultural losses and generating more food products to meet the demands of humans have become increasingly important. Phytohormones portray plants' capability to acclimatize them to environmental conditions by modulating development, nutrient distribution, and source/sink transitions. Phytohormones, like auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and strigolactones, have recently been crucial metabolic candidates for developing abiotic resistance in crops and have a regulatory role in plant adaptability and defense operations. Hormones travel via specialized paths to regulatory areas, where they react to stress with deficient levels. Mechanisms underlying biochemical, molecular, genetic, and physiological concepts of plant hormones that underpin plant adaption and defensive tactics represent a substantial cognitive foundation for developing innovative plant biotechnology. The crosstalk between phytohormones causes synergetic or antagonistic relationships that are important in plants' response to abiotic stress. The current article evaluates plant hormones' role in plant survival and growth under abiotic stress tolerance conditions.